2 Samuel 13:31

Authorized King James Version

Then the king arose, and tare his garments, and lay on the earth; and all his servants stood by with their clothes rent.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיָּ֧קָם
arose
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
#2
הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ
Then the king
a king
#3
קְרֻעֵ֥י
and tare
to rend, literally or figuratively (revile, paint the eyes, as if enlarging them)
#4
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
בְגָדִֽים׃
by with their clothes
a covering, i.e., clothing
#6
וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣ב
and lay
to lie down (for rest, sexual connection, decease or any other purpose)
#7
אָ֑רְצָה
on the earth
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#8
וְכָל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#9
עֲבָדָ֥יו
and all his servants
a servant
#10
נִצָּבִ֖ים
stood
to station, in various applications (literally or figuratively)
#11
קְרֻעֵ֥י
and tare
to rend, literally or figuratively (revile, paint the eyes, as if enlarging them)
#12
בְגָדִֽים׃
by with their clothes
a covering, i.e., clothing

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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